Advances in gene editing technology, particularly in-vitro gametogenesis (IVG) and CRISPR-Cas9, are driving the prospect of modifying human embryos. The precision of CRISPR allows scientists to make precise changes to DNA, addressing genetic conditions or introducing new traits. Recent breakthroughs with IVG have created early germ cell precursors from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), resembling natural germ cells at both genetic and epigenetic levels. This has led to exciting possibilities for fertility treatments by creating eggs or sperm from a patient’s own cells. Researchers are also using CRISPR technology to model complex immune responses in mice, aiding disease research, as shown in a recent study published in Nature Biomedical Engineering. These studies demonstrate the potential of gene editing to understand how genes impact diseases like cancer. While this progress holds promise for improving human health and addressing infertility challenges, it also raises significant ethical questions. The ability to alter physical or cognitive traits could raise debates around fairness, designer babies, and societal implications.